高二英语必修五的知识点归纳1

【现在完成进行时】

1. 现在完成进行时的定义

现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。如：

We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我们等他等了两个小时。

2. 现在完成进行时的结构

现在完成进行时由“have /has been + 现在分词”构成。

3. 现在完成进行时的应用

现在完成进行时所用的时间状语：this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 时间段, since +时间点, for + 时间段。如：

They have been building the bridge for two month. 两个月来他们一直在修桥。

They have been planting trees this month. 这个月来他们一直在植树。

4. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别

(1) 现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。如：

He has changed his idea. 他改变了想法。

(2) 在表示动作的延续时，虽然既可用现在完成时，也可用现在完成进行时，但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。因此在需要明确表示动作还要持续下去时，应用现在完成进行时。如：

We have been studying here for two years. 我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。

(3) 有些延续性动词(如 keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等)，用于现在完成时或现在完成进行时的区别不大。如：

I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在这儿住了多年了。

【动词语法】

1 系动词

系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb)，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语(亦称补语)，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语。例如：

He fell ill yesterday.　 他昨天病了。(fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。)

He fell off the ladder.　 他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。

1)状态系动词

用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。例如：

He is a teacher.　他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)

2)持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如：

He always kept silent at meeting.　 他开会时总保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery.　 此事仍是一个谜。

3)表像系动词

用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。例如：

He looks tired.　 他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) very sad.　 他看起来很伤心。

4)感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。 例如：

This kind of cloth feels very soft.　 这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。

5)变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。例如：

He became mad after that.　 自那之后，他疯了。

She grew rich within a short time.　 她没多长时间就富了。(北京安通学校提供)

6)终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意。例如：

The rumor proved false.　这谣言证实有假。

The search proved difficult.　搜查证实很难。

His plan turned out a success.　 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)

2 助动词

1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用。例如：

He doesn′t like English.　他不喜欢英语。

(doesn′t是助动词，无词义;like是主要动词，有词义)

2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：

a. 表示时态。例如：

He is singing.　他在唱歌。(北京安通学校提供)

He has got married.　他已结婚。

b. 表示语态。例如：

He was sent to England.　他被派往英国。

c. 构成疑问句。例如：

Do you like college life?　你喜欢大学生活吗?

Did you study English before you came here?　你来这儿之前学过英语吗?

d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句。例如：

I don′t like him.　 我不喜欢他。

e. 加强语气。例如：

Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that.　 他的确知道那件事。

3) 最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。

3 助动词be的用法

1) be +现在分词，构成进行时态。例如：

They are having a meeting.　他们正在开会。

English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。(北京安通学校提供)

2)　be + 过去分词，构成被动语态。例如：

The window was broken by Tom..　窗户是汤姆打碎的。

高二英语必修五的知识点归纳2

1. consist of = be made up of 由……组成 (没有进行时)

e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

=Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.

2. 区别:

? separate ... from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来)

? divide...into 把…分开 (把整体分为若干部分)

e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups.

The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.

3. debate about sth.

e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.

debate /argue/ quarrel

4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清;阐明;清楚;明了

e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation.

Can you clarify the question?

5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接

【习惯用语】★ link A to B 将A和B连接起来

6. refer to

1)提及，指的是……

e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?

2) 参考;查阅;询问

e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.

Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.

3) 关系到;关乎

e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.

This rule refers to everyone.

reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书

7. to one's surprise (prep)

“to one's + 名词” 表 “令某人……”

常见的名词有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等

e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.

To John's great relief they reached the house at last.

8. ... found themselves united peacefully

“find +宾语+宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语;不定式)”

e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.

You'll find him easy to get along with.

They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.

When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.

I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.

9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….

e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.

get + n. + to do

get + n. + doing

You'll get her to agree.

I'll get the car going.

get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”

e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street.

10. break away (from sb / sth) 脱离;破除…

e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits.

The man broke away from his guards.

break down (会谈)破裂，失败;(汽车等)出故障;(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控

e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning.

His health broke down under the pressure of work.

He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.

? break in 闯入;打岔

? break off 中断，折断

? break into 闯入

? break out 爆发;发生

? break up 驱散;分散，拆散

11. as well as 不仅…而且;既…又…

e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer.

The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street.

12. convenience: n.方便;便利(convenient: adj. )

e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.

13. attraction: (attract: v.)

1). 吸引;引力(不可数 n.) e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力

2). 吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数 n.)

He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day.

A big city offers many and varied attractions.

What are the principle attractions this evening?

14. influence

1) v. 对…产生影响 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching?

2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.

3) (不可数n.) 影响 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.

高二英语必修五的知识点归纳3

一、重点词汇总结

1. impression n. 印记;印象;感想;后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句; My first impression of him was favorable.他给我的第一印象非常讨人喜欢。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 他们给我的印象是他们对这个情形不是很开心。

知识拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记;使感动;常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记; It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。

2. remind v.提醒;使想起;常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-从句 提醒某人……;使某人想起……;remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到……;提醒某人某事 I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me? 很抱歉，我忘记你叫什么名字了，你能提醒一下吗?

You remind me of your father when you say that. 说到那的时候，我想起了你的父亲。

知识拓展：reminder n.提醒物;引起回忆的事物

3. constantly adv.始终;一直;重复不断地 Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。 知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的;不断的;重复的;

4. previous adj.先前的;以往的;(时间上)稍前的;

No previous experience is necessary for this job. 以往的经验对这项工作不是很有必要。

I couldn't believe it when I heard the news.我听到这个消息的时候，我觉得简直令人那以置信。

I had only seen him the previous day. 我只在几天前见到过他。

知识拓展：previously adv. 先前的;早先

The building had previously been used as a hotel.这栋建筑早些时候被用作旅馆。

5. bend v.(bent bent)弯曲;使弯曲;弯腰;弯身;常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts

to sth. 致力于某事 bend sb.to sth. 迫使;说服 bend the truth 歪曲事实 It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不容易。

She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下头吻了她的女儿。

6. press v. 压;按;推;挤;坚持;敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界 She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手绢捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation. 他仍坚持索赔。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭审谢绝新闻采访。

7. switch n. & v. 用作名词表示“开关;转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 她生第一个孩子的时候调整了工作，把全职工作转换成了兼职工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按这两个键来转换屏幕上的文件。

I can't work next week, will you switch with me? 下周我不想上班，你能和我换一下班。

8. lack n. & v. 用作名词，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作动词，表示：“缺乏;短缺;没有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能

The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。

知识拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏;没有;匮乏;不足

9. surroundings n.环境;surround v. 围绕;环绕 surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的 Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 每个人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。

10. catch/gain/get sight of 发现，看出;lose sight of 看不见,忘记; lose one's sight 失明;at first sight 一见就;乍看起来;at (the) sight of 一看见就……;be in sight 看得见，在眼前;out of sight 看不见At first sight, the problem seems easy. 乍一看，这个问题似乎很简单。 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away. 小男孩一看到老师就跑了。 The island is still in sight. 小岛仍然在眼前。

Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。

11. take up：to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用(时间);占据(空间);to learn to or start to do sth 开始做(某项工作);开始从事;to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受(建议或能得到的东西) The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地儿。 They have taken up golf. 他们学起打高尔夫球来了。 She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要开始履行职责。

12. sweep up 打扫;清扫;横扫;涌向;快速地抱起 He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把将孩子抱进怀里