高三英语重要知识点分析1

一、就近一致原则

1.由or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.

2.here/there引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.

二、意义一致原则

1.谓语动词必须用单数的情况

(1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂)，news(消息)等作主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义时，谓语动词仍用单数。

Politics is his favorite subject.

(2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所以谓语动词用单数。

Do you know when the United Nations was set up?

2.谓语动词必须用复数的情况

表示总称意义的名词，如people，police，public，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

The police are searching for the murderer.

3.谓语动词的形式依据主语表示的意义而定

(1)集体名词，如family，class，group，team，club，company，government，population等作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据其在语境中表示的意义而定。当其表示集体意义，强调整体概念时，谓语动词用单数;当其表示集体中各个组成部分，强调个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。

As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all music lovers.

(2)“the+形容词/分词”表示“一类人”时，谓语动词用复数。

The poor were looked down upon in the old days.

三、语法一致原则

1.由and连接的两个名词作主语

(1)“a/the+名词单数+and+名词单数”表示一个人(双重身份)，谓语动词用单数。

The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.

(2)“a/the+名词单数+and+a/the+名词单数”表示两个人，谓语动词用复数。

The teacher and the poet have just arrived.

(3)“every+名词单数+and+every+名词单数”表示每一个人，谓语动词用单数。

Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country.

(4)通常由两个部件组成的物品如：a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Bread and butter is not to his taste.

2.表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是复数形式但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

Is fifty pounds enough?

3.“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据of后的名词的形式来定，如果名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式;如果名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。

Two-thirds of the books are about science.

Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.

高三英语重要知识点分析2

under age 未成年，未达到规定年龄

He was rejected by the army because he was under age. 他因尚未成年而被拒绝参军。

You shouldn’t sell cigarettes to teenagers who are under age. 你不应该把香烟卖给没未成年的青少年。

under arrest 被捕

You are under arrest in the name of the law. 你被依法逮捕了。

He was soon put [placed] under arrest. 他不久就被逮捕了。

under attack遭受攻击

The company has come under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory. 因为决定要关闭工厂，公司受到猛烈攻击。

under consideration 在考虑中;在研究中

The question is now under consideration. 这个问题正在考虑中。

The plan is under consideration by the Ministry of Education. 教育部正在研究这个方案。

under construction 在建造中

The new railway is under construction. 新铁路正在修建当中。

The bridge is under construction. 这座桥正在建造中。

There are two new hotels near here under construction. 附近正在兴建两家新的旅馆。

under control 在控制中

They soon got the fire under control. 他们很快把火势控制住。

It took the teacher months to bring his class under control. 这个老师花了几个月的时间才管住了他的班级。

under copyright 享有版权

The poem is still under copyright, so you have to pay to quote it. 该诗仍然享有版权，因此你必须支付引用费。

under cover 在隐蔽处;秘密地;在信封或邮包中

Plans for the attack were made under cover. 进攻计划是秘密制定的。

The check came under cover in yesterday’s mail. 支票是装在信封里和昨天的信一道寄来的。

under discussion 在讨论中;在审议中

That has no relation to the matter under discussion. 那与正在讨论的事无关。

That’s another topic that will come under discussion. 那是另一个要讨论的问题。

under examination 在检查中;在审查中

The prisoner was still under examination. 囚犯仍受审。

The proposals are still under examination. 提案仍在审查中。

under fire 在炮火中;被攻击中

We were under fire from all sides. 我们遭到了来自四面八方的射击。

The headmaster was under fire for not sending the boys home who stole the car. 校长由于没有开除那几个偷汽车的学生，受到责难。

under guarantee 在保修期内

It’s still under guarantee, so the manufacturer will repair it. 保证书还有效，所以厂家会给修理的。

The car is still under guarantee, so you should be able to get it repaired free of charge. 汽车还在保修期内，所以你应该可以免费修理。

under oath 在法庭上宣过誓要说实话

The judge reminded the witness that he was still under oath. 那法官提醒证人他已宣誓不作伪证。

under obligation 有义务;一定要

The one who did the damage in under obligation to pay for it. 造成损失的人有义务赔偿。

高三英语重要知识点分析3

look up the dictionary

汉语中的“查字典”，说成英语通常是 look up sth in a dictionary 或 consult [refer to] a dictionary。如：

I refer to the dictionary frequently. 我经常查阅词典。

You can look the word up in the dictionary. 你可以在词典里查这个词。

He often consulted a dictionary when he read the book. 他读这本书时经常查字典。

I looked the word up in the dictionary to refresh my memory of its exact meaning. 我查了词典，以便弄清这个词的准确意思。

I often look up the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet. 我经常在字典里或网上查找我不认识的单词。

“Is that the correct spelling?” “I don’t know—look it up in a dictionary.” “那是正确的拼写吗?”“我不知道——查查词典吧。”

I didn’t know what “loquacious” meant and had to look it up in a dictionary. 我不知道loquacious这个是什么意思，所以只好查了词典。

有不少人认为英语习惯上不能直接说 look up the dictionary, 其实这种表达在英语中也可以用，只是比较少见而已。例如：

I spend more time looking up the dictionary than reading the book. 我读这本书时查字典的时间还多些。——摘自 L. G. Alexander 编《新概念英语》(外研社)

Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the italicized words. 查字典然后解释斜体词的意思。——摘自张汉熙编《高级英语》(商务印书馆)